Mukteswara temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, Mukteswara,
is carved with figures of ascetics in several poses of meditation.
Literally every inch of its surface is carved. This temple has
also been described as a dream realized in sandstone and it
is a monument where it is said sculpture and architecture are
in complete harmony with one another.
History
Mukteswar's most distinctive feature is the arched gateway also
called "Torana" dated about 900 A.D. The Torana shows
the influence of Buddhist architecture. This thick pillared,
arched gateway is beautifully carved with strings of beads and
other attractive ornaments with statues of smiling women in
languorous postures. In the yard stands the Kedareswar Temple,
with a striking 8 feet statue of Ram Bhakt Hanuman (the monkey
God). With its small dimension (10.5m height) and red stone
masonry it is a glorious synthesis of the old and new styles
of the Kalinga School. With a fully developed pancharatha for
the main sanctuary and a square planned jagmohana (porch or
entrance) and an embryonic pidha superstructure in the shape
of a stepped pyramid, every inch of the exterior has dainty
and distinct carvings, such as the clear cut lacings of the
Chaitya windows. The rounded edges of the pagas (segments) give
the temple a mollifying look. Both the temple and the porch
stand on a low plinth surrounded by a low wall with offset projections
and sculptured exterior facing west. The porch is remarkable
for the sculptural treatment of the interior — a rare feature
in Orissa Temples.
The sculptural decoration of the Mukteswara is exquisitely executed.
The beautiful sculptures eloquently speak of the sense of proportion
and perspective of the sculptor and their unique ability in
the exact depiction of the minutest objects. The builders of
Mukteswara Temple introduced new architectural designs, new
art motifs and new conceptions about the icnography of the cult
images. There are a number of depictions of skeletal ascetics
among the sculptural images, most of them shown in teaching
or meditation poses, which seems appropriate as the name Mukteswara
means "Lord who gives freedom through Yoga". The sculptures
in the ceiling of the jagamohan are also an entirely different
creation. This 10th century temple has some of the most ornate
carvings and renditions of the Panchatantra tales. Sculptures
can be found of elephants, monkeys, lions, and other animals.
Around the windows of the Jagmohana are monkeys engaged in a
variety of humorous and lively scenes depicting popular stories
from Panchatantra. The sophisticated architectural style holds
a magnetic appeal that lies in its indigenous glory. Orissa
temples like others in India are not merely abodes of deities
but a Shraddhanjali (offering) to the most sacred. They are
characterised by exquisite, ornamentally carved Gods and Goddesses,
kings and queens, animals and flower motifs. Orissa is probably
the only State where one can study temple architecture in all
its successive stages of development. This beautifully decorated,
elaborately carved temple is not far from the Parsurameswar
temple. It is one of the smallest temples and the compactness
of the temple is also very striking. The tank inside the compound
is still used by the priest and the devotees. It is believed
that tossing coins in the well will cure a women suffering from
infertility. On the door frame one can see the carvings of the
local saint, Lakulisa. Its earthy red sandstone body is encrusted
with intricate carvings, depicting starved lean looking Sadhus
(holy men) to voluptuous, become women bedecked with jewels
About the Deity
The 'torana' (arched gateway) of the Mukteswara deserves special
attention. Its extraordinarily beautiful sculpture includes
elaborate scrolls, graceful female figures, monkeys, peacocks,
and a wealth of delicate and lovely decorative detail. On the
eastern side of the temple compound is a sacred tank, and in
the south west corner is a well which is said to cure fertility
problems. Several small shrines will be noticed within the compound,
many with lingam inside. These were offering shrines depicting
utmost faith in God for all purposes during that era. On the
outer face of the compound wall are niches containing a variety
of divinities. These include Saraswati (sitting on a lotus with
two female attendants by her side), Ganesa (with his attendant
mouse), and Lakulisha (the fifth century founder of the Pashupata
sect of tantric Shaivism), who is portrayed sitting cross-legged,
with two miniature ascetic figures in the triangular side panels.
The fact that these wall niches include Buddhist and Jain images
as well as Shaivite (Hindu) ones attests once again to the synthesis
which was so much a part of Orissan religious life.
Place to see
Rajarani Temple: Never completed, the 12th century Rajarani
Temple still ranks among the finest of Bhubaneshwar's later
temples. Bindu Sagar
An important landmark of the Old Town, the Bindu Sagar (Ocean
Drop Tank) is to be found just north of the Lingaraj Temple.
Orissa State Museum: A mini-Orissa with artifacts, sculptures,
coins, textiles, traditional instruments, manuscripts and more
which provide the visitor with a comprehensive insight into
Oriyan culture.
Parsurameswar Temple: This is the best-preserved, and therefore
also the most beautiful, of Bhubaneshwar's early temples.
Tribal Museum: This museum provides an insight into the tribal
culture of Orissa.
Handicrafts museum: It is situated on Secretariat Road and has
a vast range of handicrafts collection.
Main Attraction
Good place to shop for woven Ikat fabric, applique work, silver
iligree jwellery, stone carvings and patta chitra paintings.
The Ashokaashtami procession is in Mar/April, Bali Yatra, a
fair is held in Oct/Nov.